Internal-combustion engine



c. R. PRYOR.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICAUON FILED AUG.8I 1919.

1,427,632, Patented Aug. 29,1922,

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES IN VEN TOR A TTORNEYS C. R. PRYOR.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICA ION FILED AUG.3, I919.

PatentedAug. 29, 1922.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

A TTORNE Y8 UNITED srA'rEs- PAT NT OFFICE.

CHARLES ROGER rayon, or GARFIELD, MARYLAND, AssrcNoa or ONE-HALI' 'ro won-r3 a. srorrnnmrna, or WAYNESBORO, PENNSYLVANIA.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Aug. 29, 1922.

Application flied August 8, 1919. Serial No. 316,152.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, CHARLES ROGER PRYOR, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Garfield, in the county of Frederick and State of Maryland, have invented anew and Improved Internal-Combustion Engine, of

which the following is a act-description.

This invention relates to improvements in internal combustion engines, an object 'of the invention being to provide an improved construction of en ine havin a rotary cam member operated by a circular series of dou-v ble-actin pistons,'each piston movable in a pair of a igned cylinders receiving impulses full, clear, and exin both.

. A further object is to I provide an improved construction of two cycledouble-acting internal combustion engine, whereby the reciprocating cylinders serve to impart motion to a rotary member and also compress the gas and eject the same after an explomeans of reciprocating cylinders receiving im ulses in both ends.

ith these and other objects. in view the invention consists in certain novel features of construction, and combinations and arrangement of parts, as will be'more fully hereinafter described and pointed out in the claims. a

In the accompanying drawin s "Figure 1 is a view partly in e evation and partly my improved engine;

Figure 2 is an end view;

Figure 3 is a plan view of the cam member Figure 4t is a fragmentary view in lon itudinal section, on an enlarged scale, of t e outer end of one of the pistons; and

Figure 5 is a fragmentary view on an enlarged scale, partly in end elevation and partly in" sectlon illustrating the'construce,

tion of the outer end of a piston.

A, A, represent circular castings which are secured together by bolts B and each casting contains a circular series of engine casings 1, the engine casinlgs of one casting being in ali ment with t e casings of the other. Whi e, of course, I may employ any chambers 13 by in longitudinal section illustrating desired number of cylinders, -I have illustrated e1 ht casings in each casting, making a total 0 sixteen casings in all. All of the cylinders are suitably water acketed, as'shown at 3-, and each casing is provlded at its outer end with an inwardly pro ecting stationary piston 4 ,in which a spark plug 5 is positioned. The outer ends of the pistons 41 have annular flan es 6 fitting snugly against the outer on s of the casin5gs, as clearly shown in Figures 1, 4 an 7 Each pair of aligned casings 1 is provided with a ouble-acting reciprocating cylinder 7 having pressure surfaces 8 cooperating with the pressure surfaces formed by the plstons 4, and each cylinder at its opposite ends is. made with'cylindrical portions 9 fitting between the pistons 4 and the casings 1 and made gas tight by suitable ackingrings 10 on the pistons. The cylin or is referabl made of twov parts having its end; screwe into a ring 8 coupling them together and held26against turning movement by the pm I The extreme ends of the cylinders 7 are provided. with annular plungers 11, which are movable in the compression chambers 12 formed in the casings around the outside of the piston 4. These compression chambers12 at their outer ends communicate with gas means ofrelatively long ports 14,.and suitable gas manifolds 15 sup ply gas to the chambers 13. The cylindrical portions 9 of the cylinders '7 are provided in one side with gas inlet ports 16 and in their opposite sides with exhaust ports 17, the former communicating with the compression chambers 12 and the latter with exhaust communicate with suitable exhaust manifolds 18 and deflectors as at 20 are located on the pistons 4 to direct thefiow of gases and insure a proper scavenging of the cylinders.

'21 represents a drive shaft centrally located in the casting A, A, and mounted in conical bushings 22, which latter can be adjusted or removed and replaced to take up wear. A cylindrical cam member 23 is keyed to the shaft 21, as shown at 27, and is provided in its outer face with a cam oove 23'. Ball bearings 24 are located at t e sides of the cam member between the same and the castingsA, A, to sustain the longitudinal thrust on the cam member and to insure an easy running device. I

The cam groove 23' is engaged by rollers 25 carried by pins 26 mounted in the cylinders 7 so. that the reciprocation of the cylinders will impart a rotary motion to the cam member 23 and shaft 21.

At each end of the engine a se mental ring 28 is located and formed with anges 29 fitting against the castin A, and" around the en s o the casings 1, t ese segmental rings bein secured in place by means of screws 30. ach segment of each ring covers a single casing and is provided with a tubular projection 31 extending into the piston 4, whereby a water jacket 32 is formed for the piston. By reason of the segmental rings 28, each casing can be examined or the parts thereof removed and .repaired by simply removing the particular segment covering the outer end thereof.

Suitable lubricant passages 33. are provided to lubricate the movable parts of the engine, and a clutch member 34 is secured on the shaft 21 and spaced from the castings A, A by means of ball bearings 35. Thrust bearing rings 36 receive the thrust of the pins 26, and suitable water circulating manifolds 37 are provided to maintain a circulation of water in all of the water chambers .to cool the engine.

The operation is as follows: As the operation of all casings of the cylinders are precisel alike, the description of one operation wil apply alike to all. Assumingthe partsto be in the position shown in Fi re 1, amovement of the cylinder 7 to the right will cause the ports 16 and 17 to close and compress the chargsa between the cylinder and the piston 4. uring this compression stroke plunger 11 will cause a partial vacuum to be formed in-the rear of the same so that as soon as the plunger reaches the Y ports 14 and exposes them to the chamber 12, the gas will fill the chamber 12. 7

When the cylinder moves to the left b reason of the explosion caused by a spar from the plug 5 the plunger 11 will compress the gas in chamber 12 until the ports 16 and 17 are opened when the gas from chamber 12 will rush into the space between the cylinder and the piston, thereby forcing out t e exploded gases through the exhaust port 17 and thoroughly scavenging the engene.

This same operation takes place in every casing, an explosion taking place at thepassin of every cam pointduring revolution 0 the cam member. points in each direction making a total of twelve, and ei ht pairs of casings in the porticular des1gn illustrated. There will be ninety-six impulses for a revolution of the shaft. There are four explosions at one There are six cam time, two being at one endof the engine diametrically opposed, and the other two at the other end of the engine atright angles to the first-named set and also diametrically opposed.

It is evident that the rings 28 need not be in segments unless desired and the castings AA might constitute a single part if desired.

While I have described a stationary casing carrying part and a rotary shaft it is obvious that the'shaft might be stationary and n the casing carrying part rotate around the shaft.

Various other slight changes may be made in the general form and arrangement of parts described without departing from the invention, and hence I do not limit myself to the precise details set forth but consider myself at liberty to make such changes and alterations as fairly fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.-

I claim: I

1. An internal combustion engine, comprising a casing, stationary pistons fixed in the ends of'the casing, a reci rocating cylinder movable at its ends on t e pistons, said cylinder composed of two members, said members having adjacent screw threaded closed ends constituting pressure surfaces, a ring screwedonto the ends of the cylinder members and couplingthem together, said casing having annular compression chambers around the outside of the pistons,

plungers on the ends of the cylinder movable in said compression chambers, and ports in the walls of each cylinder member regis-' tering with a compression chamber at predetermined position of the cylinder member.

2. An internal combustion engine, comprising a casing, stationary pistons fixed in the ends of the casing, a reciprocating cylinder movable at its ends on the pistons, said cylinder composed of two members, said ioo members having adjacent screw threaded closed ends constituting pressure surfaces, a'ring screwed onto the ends of the cylinder members and coupling them together, a laterally projecting pin supported in said ring, a shaft, a cam on the shaft and with closed ends constituting pressure surfaces, a

ring screwed onto theends of the cylinder members and coupling them together, a laterally projecting pin supported in said ring, a shaft, a cam on the shaft and havin a cam groove in its periphery, a roller on the. end of the pin movable in said cam groove, said casing having annular compression chambers around the .outside of .the pistons, plungers on the ends of the cyllnder' movable in said compression chambers,'an'd ports in the walls of each cylinder member registering with a compression chamber at predetermined position of the cylinder member.

of the ring 4. In an internal combustion engine, a casing,'a plurality of reciprocating cylinders each provided with inlet and exhaust ports and having a plunger at its end, a plurality of hollow stationary pistons extending inwardly from the end of the casing into the cylinders, a compression chamher surrounding each piston and in which the plunger of a cylinder, Works, a segmental ring secured upon the end oi the casing, and a tubular projection secured to each segment and projecting into a piston to form therewith a Water jacket for the-same.

CHARLES ROGER PRYOR. 

